Old Style String Formating

• %s : string
• %c : a single character
• %d : integer
• %f : floating - point

New Style String Formating

str.format()

• > : 오른쪽 정렬
• < : 왼쪽 정렬
• ^ : 가운데 정렬

print("He paid {0:>10} dollars.".format(10)) 
print("He paid {0:>10} dollars.".format(100)) 
print("He paid {0:>10} dollars.".format(1000)) 
print("He paid {0:>10} dollars.".format(10000))

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

He paid         10 dollars.
He paid        100 dollars.
He paid       1000 dollars.
He paid      10000 dollars.

• 기호 삽입

print("He paid {0:.<10} dollars.".format(10)) 
print("He paid {0:.<10} dollars.".format(100)) 
print("He paid {0:.<10} dollars.".format(1000)) 
print("He paid {0:.<10} dollars.".format(10000))

• 소수점 자릿수
  • 정수 표현 : 0Nd
  • 소수 표현 : 0.Nf
    --> 자릿수 모자르면 0으로 채움

print("He paid {0:0.2f} dollars.".format(math.pi))
print("He paid {0:0.3f} dollars.".format(math.pi))
print("He paid {0:0.4f} dollars.".format(math.pi))
print("He paid {0:0.5f} dollars.".format(math.pi))

String Interpolation (f-string)

table = {'Sjoerd': 4127, 'Jack': 4098, 'Dcab': 7678}
for name, phone in table.items():
  print(f'{name:10} ==> {phone:10d}')
  
---------------------------------------------------------------------------  

Sjoerd     ==>       4127
Jack       ==>       4098
Dcab       ==>     117678

String Functions

• find() : 위치 반환, 없으면 -1
• index() : 위치 반환, 없으면 error