๐Ÿ“˜ [Computer Network] ICMP : Internet Control Message Protocol

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Computer Network

๋ชฉ๋ก ๋ณด๊ธฐ
5/12
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05-2


๐Ÿ’ก ICMP : Internet control message Protocol

ping : ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ

  • ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” type + code ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.
    ex) 0 0, 3 2

  • error reporting์„ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค

  • ping : echo request / reply

  • network layer์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด์žˆ๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ’ก Traceroute and ICMP

Traceroute : ์–ด๋Š ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜์ณ ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค.
TTL : Time To Live , ํ•œ ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ๋งˆ๋‹ค -1 ์”ฉ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. packet์ด ๋ฏธ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค.

first set, TTL = 1
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฒซ ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด TTL = 0 ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ TTL expired message๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง„๋‹ค.
ICMP ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
(delay๋„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.)

์œ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ second set, TTL = 2 ... ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด packet์ด ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— port unreachable ICMP message๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€ server์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ’ก Security Issues

  • Ping attacks
    server๋กœ ping message๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณด๋‚ด server์™€ router๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•œ๋‹ค (Dos ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ฆ)
  • Firewalls
    ์œ„์˜ ์ด์œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Firewall์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ICMP packet์ด๋‚˜ ping์„ blockํ•ด ๋†“์€ ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
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