[Spring-입문] JdbcTemplate 설정 및 통합테스트하기

💾 JdbcTemplateMemberRepository

package com.hello.hellospring.repository;

import com.hello.hellospring.domain.Member;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.MapSqlParameterSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;

public class JdbcTemplateMemberRepository implements MemberRepository{

    private final JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    // 생성자가 하나면 어노테이션 생략 가능
    // @Autowired
    public JdbcTemplateMemberRepository(DataSource dataSource) {
        // DataSource는 데이터베이스 커넥션을 획득할 때 사용하는 객체
        // 스프링부트는 데이터베이스 커넥션 정보를 바탕으로 DataSource를 생성하고 스프링 빈으로 만들어 둔다.
        // 그래서 DI를 받을 수 있다.
        this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

    @Override
    public Member save(Member member) {
        // insert문 인 것 같다...ㅎㅎ
        SimpleJdbcInsert jdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(jdbcTemplate);
        // member 테이블에 pk값은 id이다
        jdbcInsert.withTableName("member").usingGeneratedKeyColumns("id");

        // 저장해줄 인스턴스
        Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<>();
        // 파라미터로 받은 member의 이름을 맵에 저장
        parameters.put("name", member.getName());

        // key값
        Number key = jdbcInsert.executeAndReturnKey(new MapSqlParameterSource(parameters));
        // key값을 id에 저장
        member.setId(key.longValue());
        // 파라미터로 받은 member에 id값을 부여해서 반환한다.
        return member;
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findById(Long id) {
        // 결과를 RowMapper로 매핑해줘야함
        // 쿼리의 반환이 List타입임
        List<Member> result = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from member where id = ?", memberRowMapper(), id);
        // Optional로 타입을 반환해줌
        return result.stream().findAny();
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findByName(String name) {
        return jdbcTemplate.query("select * from member where name = ?", memberRowMapper(), name).stream().findAny();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Member> findAll() {
        return jdbcTemplate.query("select * from member", memberRowMapper());
    }

    // 결과값을 위해 메서드를 생성한다
    private RowMapper<Member> memberRowMapper(){
        return (rs, rowNum) -> {
            Member member = new Member();
            member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
            member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            return member;
        };
    }

    /*
    private RowMapper<Member> memberRowMapper(){
        return new RowMapper<Member>() {
            @Override
            public Member mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return member;
            }
        };
    }
     */
}

💡 alt + enter => 람다식으로 변환가능

💻 SpringConfig 변경 : JDBC 템플릿을 사용하도록

package com.hello.hellospring.service;


import com.hello.hellospring.repository.JdbcTemplateMemberRepository;
import com.hello.hellospring.repository.JpaMemberRepository;
import com.hello.hellospring.repository.MemberRepository;
import com.hello.hellospring.repository.MemoryMemberRepository;
import jakarta.persistence.EntityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {


    private final DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    public  SpringConfig(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberService memberService(){
       return new MemberService(memberRepository());
     }

   @Bean
   public MemberRepository memberRepository(){

       return new JdbcTemplateMemberRepository(dataSource);
   }
}

💻 MemberServiceIntergrationTest

package com.hello.hellospring.service;

import com.hello.hellospring.domain.Member;
import com.hello.hellospring.repository.MemberRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;



import static org.assertj.core.api.AssertionsForClassTypes.assertThat;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;

@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
class MemberServiceIntergrationTest {

    @Autowired MemberService memberService;
    @Autowired
    MemberRepository memberRepository;


    @Test
    void join() {
        // given 주어진 것
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setName("홍길동");

        // when
        Long id = memberService.join(member);

        // then
        Member result = memberService.findOne(id).get();
        assertThat(member.getName()).isEqualTo(result.getName());
    }

    @Test
    void 중복_회원_예외() throws Exception{
        // given
        Member member1 = new Member();
        member1.setName("홍길동");

        Member member2 = new Member();
        member2.setName("홍길동");

        // when
        memberService.join(member1);
        IllegalStateException e = assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> memberService.join(member2));

//        memberService.join(member1);
//        try{
//            memberService.join(member2);
//            fail();
//        } catch(IllegalStateException e){
//            assertThat(e.getMessage()).isEqualTo("이미 존재하는 회원입니다.");
//        }
    }
}

✨ @SpringBootTest : 스프링 컨테이너와 함께 테스트
✨ @Transactional : 테스트 전 후에 트랜잭션 / 테스트 후 롤백해줌

🔵 실행화면

컨테이너와 함께 테스트하는 경우 테스트 시간이 오래 걸린다.

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✨ 이번 챕터에서 배운 부분

✅ 통합테스트 @SpringBootTest

📝 공부할 부분

✅ JdbcTemplate -> 실무에서 많이 이용한다고 하니 공부하자...!!