Stack?

스택(stack)은 한 쪽 끝에서만 자료를 넣거나 뺄 수 있는 선형 구조(LIFO - Last In First Out)으로 되어 있다. 자료를 넣는 것을 '밀어넣는다' 하여 푸쉬(push)라고 하고 반대로 넣어둔 자료를 꺼내는 것을 팝(pop)이라고 하는데, 이때 꺼내지는 자료는 가장 최근에 푸쉬한 자료부터 나오게 된다. 이처럼 나중에 넣은 값이 먼저 나오는 것을 LIFO 구조라고 한다.

Stack 선언

Stack<Type> stacks = new Stack<>();

// Create Integer type stack
Stack<Integer> stacks = new Stack<>();

// Create String type stack
Stack<String> stacks = new Stack<>();

push() Method

import java.util.Stack;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<String> animals= new Stack<>();

        // Add elements to Stack
        animals.push("Dog");
        animals.push("Horse");
        animals.push("Cat");

        System.out.println("Stack: " + animals);
    }
}
// Stack: [Dog, Horse, Cat]

pop() Method

import java.util.Stack;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<String> animals= new Stack<>();

        // Add elements to Stack
        animals.push("Dog");
        animals.push("Horse");
        animals.push("Cat");
        System.out.println("Initial Stack: " + animals);

        // Remove element stacks
        String element = animals.pop();
        System.out.println("Removed Element: " + element);
    }
}
// Initial Stack: [Dog, Horse, Cat]
// Removed Element: Cat

peek() Method

import java.util.Stack;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<String> animals= new Stack<>();

        // Add elements to Stack
        animals.push("Dog");
        animals.push("Horse");
        animals.push("Cat");
        System.out.println("Stack: " + animals);

        // Access element from the top
        String element = animals.peek();
        System.out.println("Element at top: " + element);

    }
}
// Stack: [Dog, Horse, Cat]
// Element at top: Cat

search() Method

import java.util.Stack;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<String> animals= new Stack<>();

        // Add elements to Stack
        animals.push("Dog");
        animals.push("Horse");
        animals.push("Cat");
        System.out.println("Stack: " + animals);

        // Search an element
        int position = animals.search("Horse");
        System.out.println("Position of Horse: " + position);
    }
}
// Stack: [Dog, Horse, Cat]
// Position of Horse: 2

empty() Method

import java.util.Stack;

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<String> animals= new Stack<>();

        // Add elements to Stack
        animals.push("Dog");
        animals.push("Horse");
        animals.push("Cat");
        System.out.println("Stack: " + animals);

        // Check if stack is empty
        boolean result = animals.empty();
        System.out.println("Is the stack empty? " + result);
    }
}
// Stack: [Dog, Horse, Cat]
// Is the stack empty? false

Reference

Programiz