김영한님의 스프링 입문 - 코드로 배우는 스프링 부트, 웹 MVC, DB 접근 기술을 보면서 공부한 내용입니다.

환경 설정

build.gradle 파일에 jdbc, h2 데이터베이스 관련 라이브러리 추가

implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc'
runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2'

스프링 부트 데이터베이스 연결 설정 추가 resources/application.properties

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/jpashop123
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=1234

JDBC 리포지토리 구현

JdbcMemberRepository 에 코드를 다음과 같은 코드를 작성한다.

package hello.hellospring.repository;
import hello.hellospring.domain.Member;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

public class JdbcMemberRepository implements MemberRepository {

    private final DataSource dataSource;

// 스프링으로부터 주입받아야함
// resources/application.properties에서 설정을 했으면, 스프링시작할 때 주입받아놓음
    public JdbcMemberRepository(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    public Member save(Member member) {
        String sql = "insert into member(name) values(?)";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql,
                    Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
            pstmt.setString(1, member.getName());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
            rs = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
            if (rs.next()) {
                member.setId(rs.getLong(1));
            } else {
                throw new SQLException("id 조회 실패");
            }
            return member;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findById(Long id) {
        String sql = "select * from member where id = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setLong(1, id);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            } else {
                return Optional.empty();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<Member> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from member";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            List<Member> members = new ArrayList<>();
            while(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                members.add(member);
            }
            return members;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findByName(String name) {
        String sql = "select * from member where name = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, name);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            }
            return Optional.empty();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    private Connection getConnection() {
        return DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);
    }

    private void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
    {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (pstmt != null) {
                pstmt.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                close(conn);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

// Connection 연결 끊어주기
    private void close(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(conn, dataSource);
    }
}

스프링 설정 변경

springConfig 에 가서 다음과 같은 코드를 추가하고 memberRepository에 있는 코드를 아래로 변경한다

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {

    private final DataSource dataSource;
 
    public SpringConfig(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public MemberRepository memberRepository() {
        return new JdbcMemberRepository(dataSource);
    }
 }

• DataSource : 데이터베이스 커넥션을 얻을 때 사용하는 객체