[Spring] MVC 분리

김영한의 MVC 강의를 듣고 학습한 내용입니다.

구성도

• FrontController를 통해 request 받은 정보에 따라 매핑된 Controller를 찾아 배정해주면서 웹에서 들어온 파라미터 값 또한 매핑하여 Controller에 보낸다. 그러면 논리 주소로 된 값을 ViewName으로 반환하여 viewResolver를 통해 MyView를 반환한다. 이 값을 render 호출을 통해 HTML 응답을 한다.

• 이 과정을 통해 HttpServlet 종속성을 제거할 수 있다.

1. ModelView

Controller와 View 간의 파라미터 값의 전달이나, 특정 view를 연결하기 위한 값들을 위한 클래스.

• viewname : 뷰의 이름에 대한 정보
• model : 파라미터의 이름, 파라미터 밸류

public class ModelView {
    private String viewName;
    private Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();

    public ModelView(String viewName) {
        this.viewName = viewName;
    }

    public String getViewName() {
        return viewName;
    }

    public void setViewName(String viewName) {
        this.viewName = viewName;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getModel() {
        return model;
    }

    public void setModel(Map<String, Object> model) {
        this.model = model;
    }
}

2. Controller

컨트롤러 생성에 앞서 인터페이스를 생성.

public interface ControllerV3 {

    ModelView process(Map<String, String> paramMap);
}

3. 회원 등록 Controller

public class MemberFormControllerV3 implements ControllerV3 {
    @Override
    public ModelView process(Map<String, String> paramMap) {
        return new ModelView("new-form");
    }
}

4. 회원 저장 Controller

public class MemberSaveControllerV3 implements ControllerV3 {

    private MemberRepository memberRepository = MemberRepository.getInstance();

    @Override
    public ModelView process(Map<String, String> paramMap) {
        String username = paramMap.get("username");
        int age = Integer.parseInt(paramMap.get("age"));

        Member member = new Member(username, age);
        memberRepository.save(member);

        ModelView mv = new ModelView("save-result");
        mv.getModel().put("member", member);

        return mv;
    }
}

5. 회원 목록 Controller

public class MemberListControllerV3 implements ControllerV3 {

    private MemberRepository memberRepository = MemberRepository.getInstance();

    @Override
    public ModelView process(Map<String, String> paramMap) {
        List<Member> members = memberRepository.findAll();
        ModelView mv = new ModelView("members");
        mv.getModel().put("members", members);

        return mv;
    }
}

6. frontController

@WebServlet(name="frontControllerServletV3", urlPatterns="/front-controller/v3/*")
public class FrontControllerServletV3 extends HttpServlet {

    private Map<String, ControllerV3> controllerMap = new HashMap<>();

    public FrontControllerServletV3() {
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v3/members/new-form", new MemberFormControllerV3());
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v3/members/save", new MemberSaveControllerV3());
        controllerMap.put("/front-controller/v3/members", new MemberListControllerV3());
    }

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();

        ControllerV3 controller = controllerMap.get(requestURI);
        if (controller == null) {
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
            return;
        }

        Map<String, String> paramMap = createParamMap(request);
        ModelView mv = controller.process(paramMap);

        String viewName = mv.getViewName();
        MyView view = viewResolver(viewName);
        view.render(mv.getModel(), request, response);
    }

    private Map<String, String> createParamMap(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, String> paramMap = new HashMap<>();

        request.getParameterNames().asIterator()
                .forEachRemaining(paramName -> paramMap.put(paramName, request.getParameter(paramName)));
        return paramMap;
    }

    private MyView viewResolver(String viewName) {
        return new MyView("/WEB-INF/views/" + viewName + ".jsp");
    }
}

7. MyView

실제 뷰 렌더를 위한 클래스.

public class MyView {
    private String viewPath;

    public MyView(String viewPath) {
        this.viewPath = viewPath;
    }

    public void render(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher(viewPath);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }

    public void render(Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        modelToRequestAttribute(model, request);
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher(viewPath);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }

    private void modelToRequestAttribute(Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request) {
        model.forEach((key, value) -> request.setAttribute(key, value));

    }
}