- os 인증방법
: 원격에서 리스너를 통해서 sys 유저로 접속할 수 없는 인증방법
--> db를 내리려면 서버실을 가거나 putty로 접속해서 내리고 올려야됨
- password file 인증방법
: 리스너를 통해서 sys 유저로 접속할 수 있는 인증방법
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote_login_passwordfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
💡 exclusive로 되어있으면 password file 인증방법을 사용하겠다는 것이고, orange나 sql developer로 sysdba 권한으로 접속할 수 있는 상태인 것
SYS @ ORA19 > alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=none scope=spfile;
시스템이 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup force
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string NONE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive scope=spfile;
시스템이 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup force
ORACLE 인스턴스가 시작되었습니다.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 587202560 bytes
Database Buffers 1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c ~]$
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:46:06 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
마지막 성공한 로그인 시간: 수 9월 03 2025 11:17:54 +09:00
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
orange로도 sysdba 권한을 가진 sys 유져로 접속이 되는지 확인하시오
ㄴ 접속됨
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:50:25 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=none scope=spfile;
시스템이 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup force
ORACLE 인스턴스가 시작되었습니다.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 587202560 bytes
Database Buffers 1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c ~]$
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:51:09 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01017: 사용자명/비밀번호가 부적합, 로그온할 수 없습니다.
사용자명 입력:
orange에서도 sys 유져로 접속이 안되는지 확인하시오
ㄴ 접속 안됨
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:52:42 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string NONE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive scope=spfile;
시스템이 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup force
ORACLE 인스턴스가 시작되었습니다.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 587202560 bytes
Database Buffers 1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c ~]$
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:53:29 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
마지막 성공한 로그인 시간: 수 9월 03 2025 11:49:14 +09:00
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ ls -l orapw*
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 6144 9월 3 11:54 orapwORA19
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2048 8월 26 11:32 orapwora19dw
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2048 8월 26 16:50 orapworakbm1
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ rm orapwORA19
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 11:58:44 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01017: 사용자명/비밀번호가 부적합, 로그온할 수 없습니다.
사용자명 입력:
--> 접속 안됨
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ rm orapwORA19
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwORA19 password=kbm#2025
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sqlplus sys/kbm#2025@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 12:05:42 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > alter user sys
2 identified by oracle_4U;
사용자가 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 12:08:40 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
마지막 성공한 로그인 시간: 수 9월 03 2025 12:05:42 +09:00
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
💡 강제로 패스워드를 변경하고 싶다면 다음과 같이 기존 12c로 변경하면 됩니다.
orapwd file=orapw파일명 password=비밀번호 format=12 force=y
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ rm orapwORA19
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwORA19 password=oracle1234 format=12 force=y
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle1234@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 12:12:34 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ rm orapwORA19
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwORA19 password=oracle_4U format=12 force=y
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 13:44:17 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ 192.168.13.69:21533/ORA19 >
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 13:45:19 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileORA19.ora
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > alter system set remote_login_passwordfile='NONE' scope=spfile;
시스템이 변경되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > startup force
ORACLE 인스턴스가 시작되었습니다.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 587202560 bytes
Database Buffers 1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileORA19.ora
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > create pfile from spfile;
파일이 생성되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c ~]$
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ ls -l initORA*
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1526 9월 3 13:50 initORA19.ora
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1319 8월 29 10:46 initORA19_20250829.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ vi initORA19.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ grep 'remote_login_passwordfile' initORA19.ora
*.remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 13:53:11 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
다음에 접속됨:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SYS @ ORA19 > create spfile from pfile;
create spfile from pfile
*
1행에 오류:
ORA-32002: 인스턴스가 이미 사용 중인 SPFILE을 생성할 수 없음
SYS @ ORA19 > shutdown abort
ORACLE 인스턴스가 종료되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 587202560 bytes
Database Buffers 1761607680 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0
/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileORA19.ora
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > shutdown abort
ORACLE 인스턴스가 종료되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > exit;
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0에서 분리되었습니다.
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ rm spfileORA19.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ vi initORA19.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ grep 'remote_login_password' initORA19.ora
*.remote_login_passwordfile=nane
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 13:57:19 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
휴지 인스턴스에 접속되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00121: 'nane'���(���) 'remote_login_passwordfile'��� ������������ ������ ������������.
SYS @ ORA19 >
답:
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ ls -l initORA19.ora
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1544 9월 3 13:58 initORA19.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ vi initORA19.ora
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ grep 'remote_login_password' initORA19.ora
*.remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$
[oracle@ora19c dbs]$ sys
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 수 9월 3 14:01:25 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
휴지 인스턴스에 접속되었습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 > create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SYS @ ORA19 > startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2382363352 bytes
Fixed Size 8899288 bytes
Variable Size 536870912 bytes
Database Buffers 1811939328 bytes
Redo Buffers 24653824 bytes
데이터베이스가 마운트되었습니다.
데이터베이스가 열렸습니다.
SYS @ ORA19 >
SYS @ ORA19 > show parameter remote
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_dependencies_mode string TIMESTAMP
remote_listener string
remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE
remote_os_authent boolean FALSE
remote_os_roles boolean FALSE
remote_recovery_file_dest string
result_cache_remote_expiration integer 0
SYS @ ORA19 >