Today I Learned

Security 적용 후 로그인 처리과정

Security 적용하여 로그인하기

로그인 처리 URL 설정

WebSecurityConfig 설정

package com.sparta.springauth.config;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.PathRequest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity // Spring Security 지원을 가능하게 함
public class WebSecurityConfig {

    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // CSRF 설정
        http.csrf((csrf) -> csrf.disable());

        http.authorizeHttpRequests((authorizeHttpRequests) ->
                authorizeHttpRequests
                        .requestMatchers(PathRequest.toStaticResources().atCommonLocations()).permitAll() // resources 접근 허용 설정
                        .requestMatchers("/api/user/**").permitAll() // '/api/user/'로 시작하는 요청 모두 접근 허가
                        .anyRequest().authenticated() // 그 외 모든 요청 인증처리
        );

        // 로그인 사용
        http.formLogin((formLogin) ->
                formLogin
                        // 로그인 View 제공 (GET /api/user/login-page)
                        .loginPage("/api/user/login-page")
                        // 로그인 처리 (POST /api/user/login)
                        .loginProcessingUrl("/api/user/login")
                        // 로그인 처리 후 성공 시 URL
                        .defaultSuccessUrl("/")
                        // 로그인 처리 후 실패 시 URL
                        .failureUrl("/api/user/login-page?error")
                        .permitAll()
        );

        return http.build();
    }
}

DB의 회원 정보 조회 → Spring Security의 "인증 관리자" 에게 전달

UserDetailsService 구현

UserDetailsService 인터페이스 → UserDetailsServiceImpl

package com.sparta.springauth.security;

import com.sparta.springauth.entity.User;
import com.sparta.springauth.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    private final UserRepository userRepository;

    public UserDetailsServiceImpl(UserRepository userRepository) {
        this.userRepository = userRepository;
    }
		
		@Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username)
                .orElseThrow(() -> new UsernameNotFoundException("Not Found " + username));

        return new UserDetailsImpl(user);
    }
}

UserDetails 구현

UserDetails 인터페이스 → UserDetailsImpl

package com.sparta.springauth.security;

import com.sparta.springauth.entity.User;
import com.sparta.springauth.entity.UserRoleEnum;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

public class UserDetailsImpl implements UserDetails {

    private final User user;

    public UserDetailsImpl(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return user.getPassword();
    }

    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return user.getUsername();
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        UserRoleEnum role = user.getRole();
        String authority = role.getAuthority();

        SimpleGrantedAuthority simpleGrantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(authority);
        Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        authorities.add(simpleGrantedAuthority);

        return authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        ❌return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return true;
    }
}

UserDetailsService와 UserDetails를 직접 구현해서 사용하게 되면 Security의 default 로그인 기능을 사용하지 않겠다는 설정이 되어 Security의 password를 제공❌

POST "/api/user/login" 을 통해 요청이 들어오면 UserDetailsService를 통해 인증 확인 작업이 이뤄지고 인증 객체에 직접 구현한 UserDetails가 담김

JWT 적용하기

Spring Security Filter 순서

JWT Secret Key 받기

terminal에 아래 명령어 입력

openssl rand -hex 64

JWT 인증 처리

JwtAuthenticationFilter

로그인 진행 및 JWT 생성

package com.sparta.springauth.jwt;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.sparta.springauth.dto.LoginRequestDto;
import com.sparta.springauth.entity.UserRoleEnum;
import com.sparta.springauth.security.UserDetailsImpl;
import jakarta.servlet.FilterChain;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

import java.io.IOException;

@Slf4j(topic = "로그인 및 JWT 생성")
public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
    private final JwtUtil jwtUtil;

    public JwtAuthenticationFilter(JwtUtil jwtUtil) {
        this.jwtUtil = jwtUtil;
        setFilterProcessesUrl("/api/user/login");
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
        log.info("로그인 시도");
        try {
            LoginRequestDto requestDto = new ObjectMapper().readValue(request.getInputStream(), LoginRequestDto.class);

            return getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(
                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                            requestDto.getUsername(),
                            requestDto.getPassword(),
                            null
                    )
            );
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, Authentication authResult) throws IOException, ServletException {
        log.info("로그인 성공 및 JWT 생성");
        String username = ((UserDetailsImpl) authResult.getPrincipal()).getUsername();
        UserRoleEnum role = ((UserDetailsImpl) authResult.getPrincipal()).getUser().getRole();

        String token = jwtUtil.createToken(username, role);
        jwtUtil.addJwtToCookie(token, response);
    }

    @Override
    protected void unsuccessfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException failed) throws IOException, ServletException {
        log.info("로그인 실패");
        response.setStatus(401);
    }
}

JWT 인가 처리 (Filter)

WebSecurityConfig에 필터 등록

package com.sparta.springauth.config;

import com.sparta.springauth.jwt.JwtAuthorizationFilter;
import com.sparta.springauth.jwt.JwtAuthenticationFilter;
import com.sparta.springauth.jwt.JwtUtil;
import com.sparta.springauth.security.UserDetailsServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.PathRequest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.configuration.AuthenticationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity // Spring Security 지원을 가능하게 함
public class WebSecurityConfig {

    private final JwtUtil jwtUtil;
    private final UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService;
    private final AuthenticationConfiguration authenticationConfiguration;

    public WebSecurityConfig(JwtUtil jwtUtil, UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService, AuthenticationConfiguration authenticationConfiguration) {
        this.jwtUtil = jwtUtil;
        this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;
        this.authenticationConfiguration = authenticationConfiguration;
    }

    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager(AuthenticationConfiguration configuration) throws Exception {
        return configuration.getAuthenticationManager();
    }

    @Bean
    public JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception {
        JwtAuthenticationFilter filter = new JwtAuthenticationFilter(jwtUtil);
        filter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager(authenticationConfiguration));
        return filter;
    }

    @Bean
    public JwtAuthorizationFilter jwtAuthorizationFilter() {
        return new JwtAuthorizationFilter(jwtUtil, userDetailsService);
    }

    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // CSRF 설정
        http.csrf((csrf) -> csrf.disable());

        // 기본 설정인 Session 방식은 사용하지 않고 JWT 방식을 사용하기 위한 설정
        http.sessionManagement((sessionManagement) ->
                sessionManagement.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
        );

        http.authorizeHttpRequests((authorizeHttpRequests) ->
                authorizeHttpRequests
                        .requestMatchers(PathRequest.toStaticResources().atCommonLocations()).permitAll() // resources 접근 허용 설정
                        .requestMatchers("/api/user/**").permitAll() // '/api/user/'로 시작하는 요청 모두 접근 허가
                        .anyRequest().authenticated() // 그 외 모든 요청 인증처리
        );

        http.formLogin((formLogin) ->
                formLogin
                        .loginPage("/api/user/login-page").permitAll()
        );

        // 필터 관리
        http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthorizationFilter(), JwtAuthenticationFilter.class);
        http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

        return http.build();
    }
}