In case 1 @Transactional is applied to every public individual method. Private and Protected methods are Ignored by Spring.
Spring applies the class-level annotation to all public methods of this class that we did not annotate with @Transactional. However, if we put the annotation on a private or protected method, Spring will ignore it without an error.
In case 2 @Transactional is only applied to method2(), not on method1()
Case 1: - Invoking method1() -> a transaction is started. When method1() calls method2() no new transaction is started, because there is already one
Case 2: - Invoking method1() -> no transaction is started. When method1() calls method2() NO new transaction is started. This is because @Transactional does not work when calling a method from within the same class. It would work if you would call method2() from another class.