What is CI/CD?
- CI/CD는 애플리케이션 개발 단계를 자동화하여 애플리케이션을 보다 짧은 주기로 유저에게 제공하는 방법임
- CI(Continuous Integration) : 지속적인 통합
- 추가/변경 된 코드를 자동으로 빌드 한 후 테스트
- 테스트에 통과한 경우에만 공유 리포지토리에 병합
- 여러 명의 개발자가 동시에 코드 작업을 할 때 서로 충돌할 수 있는 문제를 해결
- CD(Continuous Delivery or Deployment) : 지속적인 제공 또는 배포
- 지속적인 제공
- 개발자들이 적용한 변경 사항이 CI 과정을 거쳐 리포지토리에 자동으로 업로드 되는 것
- 운영팀은 이 리포지토리에서 애플리케이션을 실 서버 환경으로 배포할 수 있음
- 지속적인 배포
- 개발자의 변경 사항을 리포지토리에서 고객이 사용 가능한 프로덕션 환경까지 자동으로 배포하는 것
- 지속적인 제공
(이미지 출처: https://devuna.tistory.com/56)
What CI/CD we are looking for?
- 사용하기 쉽고 (러닝 curve가 낮고)
- 무료 또는 저렴한 수준의 가격
- AWS EC2에 배포할 수 있고
- Git 과 연동할 수 있고
- 사용자층이 많아서 참고할 수 있는 자료가 많은 플랫폼
각 CI/CD 도구를 조사해봤습니다.
What is Jenkins?
- 무료이고 Reference 및 사용자층과 정보가 많음
- Windows, macOS 또는 openSUSE, Red Hat, Ubuntu와 같은 다양한 리눅스 OS에 사용가능
- 설치 및 사용이 간단하다.
- 발전하는 플러그인 생태계 (플러그인은 젠킨스내에서 여러 유용한 기능을 제공하고 생산성과 안정성을 높이게끔 해주는 역할을 함)
What is Bamboo?
- Atlassian에서 개발한 CI 도구로 JIRA 의 대쉬보드나 confluence의 Page에 bamboo build chart 를 붙일수도 있고 JIRA 의 특정 이슈와 관련된 build 내역을 조회하는 등 atlassian 제품을 기존에 사용하고 있다면 각 제품군을 통합해서 더욱 유기적으로 사용할 수 있음.
- 유료 서비스
- Windows, Mac OS X, Linux와 같은 플랫폼에서 사용가능
What is Travis CI?
- 간결하고 직관적인 웹 인터페이스를 제공하는 인터넷 기반의 CI 서비스
- 무료 버전과 기업용 버전(유료)이 있음
- 오픈 소스 프로젝트 일 경우(public repo) 무료로 사용 가능
- private repo일 경우 한달에 69$
- Github와 연동하여 Commit/Push를 기반으로 CI가 자동 동작하며, Push 외에도 Pull Request에도 반응하도록 설계되어 있음
What is Circle CI?
- Linux, macOS, Android, and Windows 운영체제에서 사용 가능
- 일정 한도 내에서 무료로 사용 가능
- 한주에 2500 크레딧 부여하고 한번에 하나의 job 수행
- 무료 제공되는 크레딧으로 한달에 1000분 정도의 빌드시간 사용 가능
- 유료로 사용할 경우 한달에 15달러
- Git에 Push를 하면 자동으로 테스트를 진행하여 검사 결과를 알려 주어 문제점에 대해 바로 알림을 보내줌. 이를 통해 협업시 발생할 수 있는 파일충돌이나 에러를 잡을 수 있음. 그리고 문제가 없다면 서버에 배포까지 자동으로 이루어짐
What is TeamCity?
- Linux, macOS, Windows 등의 모든 운영체제에서 사용 가능
- DevOps 파이프라인을 세부적으로 시각화해줌
- 테스트 기록을 유지해주고 불안정한 테스트의 경우 신뢰도 낮음으로 표시함
- 실시간으로 모든 사항이 보고되므로 이슈를 프로젝트 팀원에게 할당가능
- IDE (Jetbrains)에 TeamCity를 통합하면 따로 브랜치를 생성하거나 코드를 커밋할 필요 없이 빌드, 확인, 자동화 테스트 수행까지 완료할 수 있음
What can we use?
- TeamCity 는 UI적으로 사용하기 편하고 많은 이점을 가져다주지만 VSC IDE와 연동이 어렵고
- Bamboo는 회사 내부적으로 JIRA를 사용하지 않으므로 연동했을 때의 이점이 크게 없으며
- Travis CI는 github와 연동했을 때 좋은 퍼포먼스를 보여주지만 무료용으로 사용하기엔 회사 플젝 레포가 private Repo 이므로 비용 지불이 큼
- Circle CI는 github와 연동하기 쉽고 일정수준까지 무료로 사용가능, 하지만 실제로 사용시 비용지불은 피할 수 없음
- 젠킨스는 완전 무료로 사용할 수 있고 레퍼런스도 많은 편. 하지만 젠킨스 서버가 죽거나 문제가 생길 경우에 대한 대처가 어렵고 또 플랫폼 자체의 UI가 타 플랫폼에 비해 세련되지 않은 편임
- 우선 젠킨스를 사용하여 CI 틀을 구축해보고, 사용성이나 퍼포먼스가 기대보다 낮을 시 다른 플랫폼을 시도해볼 예정.
Expectation
생산성 증대
- 프로젝트 빌드 자동화에 따라 개발자가 일일이 빌드 프로세스를 거치지 않아도 됨
효율성 증대
- 빌드 및 테스트를 컴퓨터가 처리함에 따라 사람이 일으키는 실수가 발생하지 않음
참고자료
https://www.lambdatest.com/learning-hub/cicd
https://www.jetbrains.com/ko-kr/teamcity/
https://jojoldu.tistory.com/448
https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/about-circleci/
https://www.sauru.so/blog/travis-ci/
https://itholic.github.io/qa-build-automation/
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