ethtool
> lan카드 정보 확인
[root@station14 ~]# ethtool -i eno1
driver: e1000e
version: 3.2.6-k
firmware-version: 0.13-4
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:00:19.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: yes
supports-eeprom-access: yes
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: no
> lan카드 커널에서 잘 인식했는지 모듈 확인
[root@station14 ~]# lsmod | grep 1000e
e1000e 244351 0
ptp 19231 1 e1000e
> speed, autoneg, duplex 변경
[root@station14 ~]# ethtool -s eno1 duplex half autoneg off speed 100
[root@station14 ~]# ethtool eno1
Settings for eno1:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: Not reported
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 100Mb/s --this one!!!!
Duplex: Half --this one!!!!
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 1
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off --this one!!!!
MDI-X: off (auto)
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: g
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes
Network configuration with ip command
> Layer 2
[root@station14 ~]# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eno1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 88:51:fb:68:ca:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:17:43:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:17:43:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
7: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether fe:54:00:10:51:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@station14 ~]#
[root@station14 ~]#
> Layer 3
[root@station14 ~]# ifconfig
eno1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 59.29.224.196 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 59.29.224.255
inet6 fe80::8a51:fbff:fe68:ca22 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 88:51:fb:68:ca:22 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1309195 bytes 1819257549 (1.6 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 632185 bytes 51719734 (49.3 MiB)
TX errors 30 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 30 collisions 1128
device interrupt 20 memory 0xf7c00000-f7c20000
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 303 bytes 33314 (32.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 303 bytes 33314 (32.5 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:17:43:1c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 544690 bytes 28967982 (27.6 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1065899 bytes 1662646197 (1.5 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
vnet0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fe10:511b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fe:54:00:10:51:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 911 bytes 68503 (66.8 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11776 bytes 631027 (616.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@station14 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 88:51:fb:68:ca:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 59.29.224.196/24 brd 59.29.224.255 scope global dynamic eno1
valid_lft 431742sec preferred_lft 431742sec
inet6 fe80::8a51:fbff:fe68:ca22/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:17:43:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:17:43:1c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
7: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
link/ether fe:54:00:10:51:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fe10:511b/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@station14 ~]#
[root@station14 ~]#
> routing table 정보 보기
[root@station14 ~]# netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 59.29.224.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eno1
59.29.224.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eno1
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
[root@station14 ~]# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eno1
59.29.224.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eno1
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
[root@station14 ~]# ip route
default via 59.29.224.254 dev eno1 proto static metric 100
59.29.224.0/24 dev eno1 proto kernel scope link src 59.29.224.196 metric 100
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
> ARP
[root@station14 ~]# arp -a
? (59.29.224.200) at 40:01:c6:b5:d1:10 [ether] on eno1
server1.example.com (59.29.224.181) at 88:51:fb:67:d3:ae [ether] on eno1
gateway (59.29.224.254) at 54:75:d0:c3:d3:bf [ether] on eno1
? (59.29.224.7) at 90:9f:33:8c:83:71 [ether] on eno1
? (192.168.122.253) at 52:54:00:10:51:1b [ether] on virbr0
[root@station14 ~]# ip neigh
59.29.224.200 dev eno1 lladdr 40:01:c6:b5:d1:10 STALE
59.29.224.181 dev eno1 lladdr 88:51:fb:67:d3:ae STALE
59.29.224.254 dev eno1 lladdr 54:75:d0:c3:d3:bf REACHABLE
59.29.224.7 dev eno1 lladdr 90:9f:33:8c:83:71 STALE
192.168.122.253 dev virbr0 lladdr 52:54:00:10:51:1b STALE
> ip setting @@vm
[root@localhost .ssh]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.253 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe10:511b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:10:51:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 11826 bytes 633655 (618.8 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 5 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 912 bytes 68593 (66.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost .ssh]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.122.55 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@localhost .ssh]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.55 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe10:511b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:10:51:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 11868 bytes 635867 (620.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 5 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 925 bytes 71245 (69.5 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
> network service 재시작(or 시스템 재부팅)=> 설정한 ip 정보 다 날라감
[root@localhost .ssh]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost .ssh]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.253 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe10:511b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:10:51:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 11895 bytes 637693 (622.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 5 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 962 bytes 76584 (74.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
> 라우팅테이블 정보 확인
[root@localhost .ssh]# netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.122.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.124.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
> eth0 LAN카드로 가라는 라우팅 테이블 정보 추가
[root@localhost .ssh]# route add -net 192.168.33.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
[root@localhost .ssh]# netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.122.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.33.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.124.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
> 하지만 이 역시도 재부팅 하면 사라짐.
[root@localhost .ssh]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost .ssh]# netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.122.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.124.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
> 파일에 등록하면 영구 저장
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts//route-interfacename(ex. eth0)
> network 설정을 파일에 직접하기보다, 간접적으로 하는 방법 선호
nmcli
study log