String

# 파이썬 문자형
# 문자형 중요

# 문자열 생성
str1 = "I am python"
str2 = 'Python'
str3 = """How are you?"""
str4 = '''Thank you'''

print(type(str1),type(str2),type(str3),type(str4))

print(len(str1),len(str2),len(str3),len(str4))

# 빈 문자열
str1_t1 = ''
str1_t2 = str()
print(type(str1_t1),len(str1_t1))
print(type(str1_t2),len(str1_t2))

# 이스케이프 문자 사용
# I'm Boy
print('I\'m Boy')
print("I'm Boy")
print('a \t b')
print('a \n b')

escape_str1 = "Do you have a \"retro games \"?"
print(escape_str1)
escape_str2 = 'What\'s on TV?'
print(escape_str2)

# 탭, 줄 바꿈
t_s1 = "Click \t Start!"
t_s2 = "New Line \n Check!"

print(t_s1)
print(t_s2)
print()

# Raw String
raw_s1 = r'D:\python\test'
print(raw_s1)

# 멀티 라인 입력
multi_str = \
'''
String
Multi Line
Test
'''

print(multi_str)

# 문자열 연산
str_o1 = "Python"
str_o2 = "Apple"
str_o3 = "How are you doing"
str_o4 = "Seoul Deajeon Busan Jinju"

print(str_o1 * 3)
print(str_o1 + str_o2)
print('y' in str_o1)
print('n' in str_o1)
print('P' not in str_o2)

# 문자열 형 변환
print(str(66),type(str(66)))
print(str(10.1))
print(str(True),type(str(True)))

# 문자열 함수 (upper, isalnum, startswith, count, endswith, isalpha)
print("Capitalize:", str_o1.capitalize())
print("endswith?:",str_o2.endswith("!"))
print("replace", str_o1.replace("thon", 'good'))
print("sorted:", sorted(str_o1))
print("split:", str_o4.split(' '))

#  반복(시퀀스)
im_str = "Good Boy"
print(dir(im_str)) #__iter__

# 출력
for i in im_str:
    print(i)

# 슬라이싱 연습
str_s1 = "Nice Python"

print(len(str_s1))
print(str_s1[0:3]) # 0 1 2
print(str_s1[5:]) # [5:11]
print(str_s1[:len(str_s1)]) # str_s1[:11]
print(str_s1[:len(str_s1)-1]) # str_s1[:10]
print(str_s1[1:9:2])
print(str_s1[-5:])
print(str_s1[1:-2])
print(str_s1[::2])
print(str_s1[::-1])

# 아스키 코드(또는 유니코드)
a = 'z'

print(ord(a)) # 아스키 코드로
print(chr(122)) # 문자로