연산, 반복문 [자바스크립트 기초 (ES5+)]

1. String concatenation

console.log('my' + 'cat');
console.log('1' + 2);//12
console.log(`string literals: 1 + 2 = ${1 + 2}`);

2.Numeric operators

console.log(1 + 1); //add
console.log(1 - 1); //substract
console.log(1 * 1); //divide
console.log(1 / 1); //multiply
console.log(5 % 2); //remainder
console.log(2 ** 3); //exponentiation

3. Increment and decrement operators

let counter = 2;
const preIncrement = ++counter;
//3
const postIncrement = counter++;
console.log(preIncrement, counter); // 3 4
const preDecrement = --counter;
//업데이트하고 할당
const postDecrement = counter--;
//할당하고 업데이트

4. Assignment operators

let x = 3;
let y = 6;
x += y; //x=x+y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;

5. Comparison operators

console.log(10 < 6); //less than
console.log(10 <= 6); // less than or equal
console.log(10 > 6); // greater than
console.log(10 >= 6); //greater than or equal

6. Logical operators:

|| (or), && (and), ! (not)

const value1 = false;
const value2 = 4 < 2;

function check() {
    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        //wasting time
        console.log('😱');
    }
    return true;
}

👉 || (or), finds the first truthy value
true 값 찾으면 멈춤!

value1이 true라면 wasting time 출력 x

console.log(`or: ${value1 || value2 || check()`});

Tip)
simple한 value 아이들을 맨 앞에 두고 함수같이 복잡한 아이들을 뒤에 두자!

👉 && (and), finds the first falsy value

value1이 false면 뒤에꺼 상관 x

console.log(`and: ${value1 && value2 && check()}`);

null값인지 확인하는데도 많이 쓰인다.

often used to compress long if-statement

nullableObject && nullableObject.something

아래 if 문과 같은 문장

if(nullableObject != null){
    nullableObject.something;
}

👉 ! (not)

console.log(!value1);

7. Equality

const stringFive = '5';
const numberFive = 5;

== loose equality, with type conversion

console.log(stringFive == numberFive); //true
console.log(stringFive != numberFive); //false

=== strict equality, no type conversion

console.log(stringFive === numberFive); //false
console.log(stringFive !== numberFive); //true

object equality by reference

const ellie1 = {name: 'ellie'};
const ellie2 = {name: 'ellie'};
const ellie3 = ellie1;
console.log(ellie1 == ellie2); //false
console.log(ellie1 === ellie2); //false
console.log(ellie1 === ellie3); //true

equality - puzzler

console.log(0 == false);
//true
console.log(0 === false);
//false 0은 boolean type 아니다.
console.log('' == false);
//true
console.log('' === false);
//false
console.log(null == undefined);
//true
console.log(null === undefined);
//false

8. Conditional operators: if

if, else if, else

const name = 'annie';
if (name === 'annie') {
    console.log('welcome annie');
} else if (name === 'coder') {
    console.log('You are amazing coder');
} else {
    console.log('unknown');
}

9. Ternary operator: ?

condition ? value1 : value2;
console.log(name === 'annie' ? 'yes' : 'no');

10. Switch statement

use for multiple if checks
use for enum-like value checks
use for multiple type checks in TS

const browser = 'IE';
switch (browser) {
    case 'IE':
        console.log('go away');
        break;
    case 'Chrome':
    case 'Firefox':
        console.log('love ya');
        break;
    default:
        console.log('same all');
        break;
}

11. Loops

while loop, while the condition is truthy,
body code is executed

조건문이 맞는지 먼저

let i = 3;
while (i > 0) {
    console.log(`while: ${i}`);
    i--;
}

do while loop, body code is executed first,
then check the condition.
블럭을 먼저 실행

do {
    console.log(`do while: ${i}`);
    i--;
} while (i > 0);

for loop, for(begin; condition; step)

for (i = 3; i > 0; i--) {
    console.log(`for: ${i}`);
}

inline variable declaration

for (let i = 3; i > 0; i = i - 2) {
    console.log(`inline variable for: ${i}`);
}

nested loops

for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    for (let j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
        console.log(`i: ${i}, j: ${j}`);
    }
}

bigO = O(n**2) cpu에 좋지 않음

• break: loop를 완전히 끝내는 것
• continue: 지금꺼만 넘어가고 다시 다음 step으로

Q1. iterate from 0 to 10 and print only even numbers (use continue)

for(let i=0;i<11;i++){
    if(i%2 !== 0){
        continue;
    }
    console.log(i);
}

for (let i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
    if (i % 2 === 0) {
        console.log(i);
    }
}

Q2. iterate from 0 to 10 and print numbers until reaching 8 (use break)

for(let i = 0; i< 11; i++){
    if(i > 8){
        break;
    }
    console.log(i);
}