Day 033

Udemy Python Bootcamp Day 033

API

Application Programming Interface(API) is a set of commands, functions, protocols and objects that programmers can use to create software or interact with an external system.
The API is an interface or rather a sort of barrier between our program and an external system.

API endpoint

If we want to get data from a particular external service, then we need to know what location that data is stored.

API request

API request is kind of similar to going to the bank and tring to get some money out, so trying to withdraw some data from ther vault. bank teller is kind of acting like the API.
It's the interface between me and the external system.

requests module

import requests

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")
print(response)

#output
<Response [200]>

HTTP Codes

The 404 response code basically means that the thing that we're looking for doesn't exist.
Basically when we're trying to retrieve something from a website and it doesn't actually have the thing we're looking for.

1XX: Hold on
2XX: Here you go
3XX: Go away
4XX: You screwed up
5XX: I screwed up

Exceptions

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")
print(response.status_code)
#output : 200

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/is-now.json")  # Invalid endpoint
print(response.status_code)
#output : 404

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")
if response.status_code != 200:
    raise Exception("Bad response from ISS API")

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")
if response.status_code == 404:
    raise Exception("That resource does not exist.")
elif response.status_code == 401:
    raise Exception("You are not authorised to access this data.")

instead of using those things, we can use .raise_for_status().

import requests

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/is-now.json")
response.raise_for_status()

#output
requests.exceptions.HTTPError: 404 Client Error: Not Found for url: http://api.open-notify.org/is-now.json

JSON data

import requests

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")

data = response.json()
print(data)

#output
{'message': 'success', 'timestamp': 1646050671, 'iss_position': {'longitude': '74.3475', 'latitude': '-51.3724'}}

import requests

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")

data = response.json()["iss_position"]
print(data)
# output : {'longitude': '83.0557', 'latitude': '-51.6139'}

data = response.json()["iss_position"]["longitude"]
print(data)
# output : 83.0557

---

import requests

response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")

data = response.json()

longitude = data["iss_position"]["longitude"]
latitude = data["iss_position"]["latitude"]

iss_position = (longitude, latitude)

print(iss_position)
# output : ('103.1059', '-49.4265')

Kanye Rest API

from tkinter import *
import requests


def get_quote():
    response = requests.get("https://api.kanye.rest")
    response.raise_for_status()
    quote = response.json()["quote"]
    canvas.itemconfig(quote_text, text=quote)


window = Tk()
window.title("Kanye Says...")
window.config(padx=50, pady=50)

canvas = Canvas(width=300, height=414)
background_img = PhotoImage(file="background.png")
canvas.create_image(150, 207, image=background_img)
quote_text = canvas.create_text(150, 207, text="Kanye Quote Goes HERE", width=250, font=("Arial", 30, "bold"), fill="white")
canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)

kanye_img = PhotoImage(file="kanye.png")
kanye_button = Button(image=kanye_img, highlightthickness=0, command=get_quote)
kanye_button.grid(row=1, column=0)


window.mainloop()

get_quote()함수 부분만 직접 작성한 거긴 한데
나름 tkinter랑 친해졌나보다.. 안찾아보고 바로 구현해냄 ㅠ

API Parameters

This is a way that allows us to give an input when we are making our API request so that we can get different pieces of data back, depending on our input in the same way that we've given different inputs into the same function in order to get a defferent outcome.

import requests

MY_LAT = 51.495278
MY_LNG = -0.131699

parameters = {
    "lat": MY_LAT,
    "lng": MY_LAT,
    "formatted": 0
}

response = requests.get("https://api.sunrise-sunset.org/json", params=parameters)
response.raise_for_status()
data = response.json()
sunrise = data["results"]["sunrise"]
sunset = data["results"]["sunset"]

print(sunrise)
print(sunrise.split("T"))
print(sunrise.split("T")[1].split(":"))
print(sunrise.split("T")[1].split(":")[0])

# output
# 2022-02-28T03:19:34+00:00
# ['2022-02-28', '03:19:34+00:00']
# ['03', '19', '34+00', '00']
# 03

Match Sunset Times with the Current Time

import requests
from datetime import *

MY_LAT = 51.495278
MY_LNG = -0.131699

parameters = {
    "lat": MY_LAT,
    "lng": MY_LAT,
    "formatted": 0
}

response = requests.get("https://api.sunrise-sunset.org/json", params=parameters)
response.raise_for_status()
data = response.json()
sunrise = data["results"]["sunrise"].split("T")[1].split(":")[0]
sunset = data["results"]["sunset"].split("T")[1].split(":")[0]

print(sunrise)
print(sunset)


time_now = datetime.now()

print(time_now.hour)

#output
03
14
22

ISS Overhead Notifier Project

import requests
from datetime import datetime
import smtplib
import time

MY_LAT = **.****** # Your latitude
MY_LONG = ***.****** # Your longitude

MY_EMAIL = "******@yahoo.com"
MY_PASSWORD = "**********"

def is_iss_overhead():
    response = requests.get(url="http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json")
    response.raise_for_status()
    data = response.json()

    iss_latitude = float(data["iss_position"]["latitude"])
    iss_longitude = float(data["iss_position"]["longitude"])

    #Your position is within +5 or -5 degrees of the ISS position.
    if MY_LAT-5 <= iss_latitude <= MY_LAT+5 and MY_LONG-5 <= iss_longitude <=MY_LONG:
        return True

def is_night():
    parameters = {
        "lat": MY_LAT,
        "lng": MY_LONG,
        "formatted": 0,
    }

    response = requests.get("https://api.sunrise-sunset.org/json", params=parameters)
    response.raise_for_status()
    data = response.json()
    sunrise = int(data["results"]["sunrise"].split("T")[1].split(":")[0])
    sunset = int(data["results"]["sunset"].split("T")[1].split(":")[0])

    time_now = datetime.now().hour

    if time_now >= sunset or time_now <= sunrise:
        return True

while True:
    time.sleep(60)
    if is_iss_overhead() and is_night():
        connection = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.mail.yahoo.com")
        connection.starttls()
        connection.login(MY_EMAIL, MY_PASSWORD)
        connection.sendmail(
            from_addr=MY_EMAIL,
            to_addrs=MY_EMAIL,
            msg="Subject:Look Up\n\nThe ISS is above you in the sky."
        )

밤이고, 국제우주정거장(ISS)이 머리 위에 있을 때 받을 수 있는 메일..