@FRSW
frame-relay switching
!
int s1/1
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 102 interface s1/2 201
frame-relay route 103 interface s1/3 301
no shutdown
!
int s1/2
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 201 interface s1/1 102
frame-relay route 203 interface s1/3 302
no shutdown
!
int s1/3
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay intf-type dce
frame-relay route 302 interface s1/2 203
frame-relay route 301 interface s1/1 103
no shutdown
frame-relay route 102 interface s1/2 201
의 의미는 102 DLCI 주소로 입력된 패킷은 201 DLCI 주소로 바꿔서 Interface serial 1/2로 출력하겠다는 의미이다.FRSW#show frame-relay route
Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial1/1 102 Serial1/2 201 inactive
Serial1/1 103 Serial1/3 301 inactive
Serial1/2 201 Serial1/1 102 inactive
Serial1/2 203 Serial1/3 302 inactive
Serial1/3 301 Serial1/1 103 inactive
Serial1/3 302 Serial1/2 203 inactive
@Router1
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no shutdown
@Router2
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no shutdown
@Router3
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no shutdown
show frame-relay map
명령어로 각각 사용자 라우터에서 정보 확인을 실시한다.
Router1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Router2#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.3 dlci 203(0xCB,0x30B0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Router3#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.2 dlci 302(0x12E,0x48E0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Router1#ping 13.13.9.1
Router2#ping 13.13.9.2
Router3#ping 13.13.9.2
@Router1
int s1/0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.1 102
Router1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.1 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
FRSW#show frame-relay route
Input Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci Status
Serial1/1 102 Serial1/2 201 active
Serial1/1 103 Serial1/3 301 active
Serial1/2 201 Serial1/1 102 active
Serial1/2 203 Serial1/3 302 active
Serial1/3 301 Serial1/1 103 active
Serial1/3 302 Serial1/2 203 active
Router1#show frame-relay pvc 102
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
DLCI = 102, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0
input pkts 5 output pkts 4 in bytes 406
out bytes 346 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 1 out bcast bytes 34
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:05:20, last time pvc status changed 00:05:00
Router1#show frame-relay pvc 103
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0
input pkts 3 output pkts 2 in bytes 172
out bytes 138 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 1 out bcast bytes 34
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:05:43, last time pvc status changed 00:05:13
@Router1, Router2, Router3
conf t
!
default int s1/0
!
int s1/0
shutdown
!
Router2-Router1과 Router2-Router3만 PVC로 연결되어 있는 hub and spoke 환경일 때 Router2를 Hub라고 하고 Router1과 Router3를 Spoke라고 한다.
Frame-Relay map 정적 설정을 하려면 frame-relay inverse-arp를 no처리 해줘야 한다.
@Router1
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.2 102 broadcast
no shutdown
@Router2
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.1 201 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.3 203 broadcast
no shutdown
@Router3
int s1/0
ip address 13.13.9.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.2 302 broadcast
no shutdown
Router1, 2, 3#show run int s1/0
Router1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Router2#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.3 dlci 203(0xCB,0x30B0), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Router3#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 13.13.9.2 dlci 302(0x12E,0x48E0), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Router1#ping 13.13.9.3
Router3#ping 13.13.9.1
@Router1
int s1/0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.3 102 broadcast
@Router3
int s1/0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.1 302 broadcast
show frame-relay map
@Router1, 2, 3
conf t
!
default int s1/0
!
int s1/0
shutdown
!
Frame-Relay도 서브 인터페이스 지원한다.
주 인터페이스에서 encapsulation설정과 자동학습(inverse-arp)을 제거한다.
@Router1
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.123 multipoint
ip address 13.13.9.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.2 102 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.3 102 broadcast
@Router2
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.123 multipoint
ip address 13.13.9.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.1 201 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.3 203 broadcast
@Router3
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.123 multipoint
ip address 13.13.9.3 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.2 302 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 13.13.9.1 302 broadcast
Router1, 2, 3#show run
Router1, 2, 3#show frame-relay map
Router1#ping 13.13.9.2
Router1#ping 13.13.9.3
Router2#ping 13.13.9.1
Router2#ping 13.13.9.3
Router3#ping 13.13.9.1
Router3#ping 13.13.9.2
@Router1, 2, 3
conf t
!
router rip
version 2
no auto-summary
network 13.0.0.0
passive-interface fa0/1
end
Router2#show ip route rip
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R 13.13.11.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.1, 00:00:09, Serial1/0.123
R 13.13.13.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.3, 00:00:08, Serial1/0.123
Router2#ping 13.13.11.1
Router2#ping 13.13.13.3
Router1#show ip route rip
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
R 13.13.12.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0.123
Router3#show ip route rip
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
R 13.13.12.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.2, 00:00:21, Serial1/0.123
Router1에서 13.13.12.2로는 ping이 되지만 13.13.13.3으로 ping이 되지 않는다.
마찬가지로 Router3에서도 13.13.12.2로는 ping이 되지만 13.13.11.1으로 ping이 되지 않는다.
Router2#show ip int s1/0.123
Serial1/0.123 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 13.13.9.2/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by setup command
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set
Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.9
Outgoing access list is not set
Inbound access list is not set
Proxy ARP is enabled
Local Proxy ARP is disabled
Security level is default
Split horizon is enabled
ICMP redirects are always sent
...
@Router2
conf t
!
int s1/0.123
no ip split-horizon
Router2#show ip int s1/0.123
Serial1/0.123 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 13.13.9.2/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by setup command
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set
Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.9
Outgoing access list is not set
Inbound access list is not set
Proxy ARP is enabled
Local Proxy ARP is disabled
Security level is default
Split horizon is disabled
ICMP redirects are always sent
...
Router1#show ip route rip
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R 13.13.12.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.2, 00:00:07, Serial1/0.123
R 13.13.13.0 [120/2] via 13.13.9.3, 00:00:07, Serial1/0.123
Router3#show ip route rip
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R 13.13.11.0 [120/2] via 13.13.9.1, 00:00:19, Serial1/0.123
R 13.13.12.0 [120/1] via 13.13.9.2, 00:00:19, Serial1/0.123
Router1#ping 13.13.13.3
Router3#ping 13.13.11.1
!!!!!
@ Router2
int s1/0.123
no ip split-horizon eigrp AS-Number
@Router1, 2, 3
conf t
!
default int s1/0
!
int s1/0
shutdown
!
@Router1
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.12 point-to-point
ip address 13.13.9.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 102
@Router2
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.12 point-to-point
ip address 13.13.9.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 201
!
int s1/0.23 point-to-point
ip address 13.13.8.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 203
@Router3
int s1/0
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
no shutdown
!
int s1/0.23 point-to-point
ip address 13.13.8.3 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 302
Router1, 2, 3#show run
Router1, 2, 3#show frame-relay
Frame-Relay는 사라지는 추세이기 때문에 실무에서 중요한 개념이 아니다. 대신 이더넷 망이 자리 잡고 있다. 그러나 Frame-Relay 개념을 학습한 뒤 라우팅 프로토콜을 공부하면 추가적으로 학습할 수 있는 요소가 많다.