Linux Pakaging
- Red Hat Package Manager : RPM
- Debian (ubuntu) dpkg
RPM
features
- Dependency tracking: 의존성을 tracking
- installed file tracking
options
- rpm -i : installing
- -V 패키지명
- -Uvh 이름.rpm : installing + Upgrading (vh -> 설치 과정을 화면에 표시)
- -e 패키지명 : 삭제
- -ql 패키지명 :
- -qf 파일의절대경로 : 파일의 절대경로로 설치
- --nodeps : 삭제할 때 의존성 관계 갖고 있는 패키지 중에 특정것만 삭제하겠다.
- --force : 강제로 설치
단점
rpm dependency(의존성)에 대한 문제는 알려만 주고, 처리는 사용자가 알아서 해야 함.
=> 이러한 단점을 보완하여 나온 것이 yum !
wget, install rpm
[root@station14 ~]# wget http://rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2023-04-14 14:01:11-- http://rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving rpmfind.net (rpmfind.net)... 195.220.108.108
Connecting to rpmfind.net (rpmfind.net)|195.220.108.108|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 129760 (127K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm’
100%[==============================================================>] 129,760 140KB/s in 0.9s
2023-04-14 14:01:13 (140 KB/s) - ‘amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [129760/129760]
[root@station14 ~]# wget http://rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
--2023-04-14 14:01:28-- http://rpmfind.net/linux/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
Resolving rpmfind.net (rpmfind.net)... 195.220.108.108
Connecting to rpmfind.net (rpmfind.net)|195.220.108.108|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2497380 (2.4M) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm’
100%[==============================================================>] 2,497,380 468KB/s in 5.7s
2023-04-14 14:01:34 (425 KB/s) - ‘zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm’ saved [2497380/2497380]
> zshll 설치
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -Uvh zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
warning: zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2 ################################# [100%]
> amanda 설치
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -Uvh amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
amanda-libs(x86-64) = 3.3.3-22.el7 is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
libamanda-3.3.3.so()(64bit) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
libamar-3.3.3.so()(64bit) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
perl(Amanda::Config) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
perl(Amanda::Constants) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
perl(Amanda::Debug) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
perl(Amanda::Paths) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
perl(Amanda::Util) is needed by amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64
> amanda와 같이 의존성 문제 있는 경우, 설치 불가 -- rpm 명령어의 최대 단점
rpm 강제 재설치(--force)
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -Uvh zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
warning: zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64 is already installed
> --force 옵션
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -Uvh --force zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
warning: zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2 ################################# [100%]
rpm -qf
> ls 절대 경로 알아내기
[root@station14 ~]# which ls
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
/bin/ls
>파일의 절대경로로 설치
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -qf /bin/ls
coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86_64
rpm -e : 삭제
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -e zsh
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -qa | grep zsh
yum
option
- yum search 이름 : 해당 이름 들어간 패키지 출력
- yum install
- yum remove
- yum reposit
- yum clean all
- yum grouplist
- yum groupinstall
- yum history
yum search , install
[root@station14 ~]# yum search aman
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
========================================== N/S matched: aman ===========================================
amanda-client.x86_64 : The client component of the AMANDA tape backup system
amanda-libs.x86_64 : Amanda libraries
amanda-server.x86_64 : The server side of the AMANDA tape backup system
amanda.x86_64 : A network-capable tape backup solution
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@station14 ~]# yum install amanda
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package amanda.x86_64 0:3.3.3-17.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: amanda-libs(x86-64) = 3.3.3-17.el7 for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Amanda::Util) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Amanda::Paths) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Amanda::Debug) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Amanda::Constants) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Amanda::Config) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libamar-3.3.3.so()(64bit) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libamanda-3.3.3.so()(64bit) for package: amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package amanda-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.3-17.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
amanda x86_64 3.3.3-17.el7 base 125 k
Installing for dependencies:
amanda-libs x86_64 3.3.3-17.el7 base 1.3 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 1.4 M
Installed size: 4.7 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.2 MB/s | 1.4 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : amanda-libs-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64 1/2
Installing : amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : amanda-libs-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
amanda.x86_64 0:3.3.3-17.el7
Dependency Installed:
amanda-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.3-17.el7
Complete!
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -qa | grep aman
amanda-libs-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
amanda-3.3.3-17.el7.x86_64
rpm repolist: rpm repository 목록
[root@station14 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base CentOS 7 - x86_64 - base 3,831
classRPMs Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs 196
errataRPMs CentOS 7 - Server - x86_64 - Errata 291
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 213
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 96
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 386
repolist: 5,013rpm clean all : rpm repository에 캐싱된 기존 오래된 정보를 비움
[root@station14 ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: base classRPMs errataRPMs mysql-connectors-community mysql-tools-community
: mysql80-community
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
> clean up 후 repolist
[root@station14 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
classRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
errataRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/7): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 96 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 91 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 231 kB 00:00:00
(4/7): base/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00
(5/7): base/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(6/7): errataRPMs/primary_db | 689 kB 00:00:00
(7/7): classRPMs/primary_db | 143 kB 00:00:00
Determining fastest mirrors
repo id repo name status
base CentOS 7 - x86_64 - base 3,831
classRPMs Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs 196
errataRPMs CentOS 7 - Server - x86_64 - Errata 291
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 213
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 96
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 386
repolist: 5,013
> 캐싱 된 repolist
[root@station14 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base CentOS 7 - x86_64 - base 3,831
classRPMs Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs 196
errataRPMs CentOS 7 - Server - x86_64 - Errata 291
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 213
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 96
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 386
repolist: 5,013
grouplist, groupinstall
> 패키지 그룹 list 확인
[root@station14 ~]# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Environment Groups:
Minimal Install
Compute Node
Infrastructure Server
File and Print Server --이 그룹을 설치해보자!!
Basic Web Server
Virtualization Host
Server with GUI
GNOME Desktop
KDE Plasma Workspaces
Development and Creative Workstation
Available Groups:
Compatibility Libraries
Console Internet Tools
Development Tools
Graphical Administration Tools
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Administration Tools
System Management
Done
> 확인한 패키지 그룹 File and Print Server 설치
[root@station14 ~]# yum groupinstall 'File and Print Server'
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Warning: Group base does not have any packages to install.
Group base does have 1 conditional packages, which may get installed.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package foomatic.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: foomatic-db for package: foomatic-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64
---> Package foomatic-filters.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 will be installed
---> Package iprutils.x86_64 0:2.4.13.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: lsscsi for package: iprutils-2.4.13.1-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package samba.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: samba-libs = 4.4.4-14.el7_3 for package: samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: samba-common-tools = 4.4.4-14.el7_3 for package: samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libxattr-tdb-samba4.so(SAMBA_4.4.4)(64bit) for package: samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libxattr-tdb-samba4.so()(64bit) for package: samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
---> Package targetd.noarch 0:0.7.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-python-libs >= 2.02.99 for package: targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: python-setproctitle for package: targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: PyYAML for package: targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-11.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libyaml-0.so.2()(64bit) for package: PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64
---> Package foomatic-db.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: foomatic-db-ppds = 4.0-40.20130911.el7 for package: foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: foomatic-db-filesystem = 4.0-40.20130911.el7 for package: foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch
---> Package lsscsi.x86_64 0:0.27-4.el7 will be installed
---> Package lvm2-python-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5 will be installed
---> Package python-setproctitle.x86_64 0:1.1.6-5.el7 will be installed
---> Package samba-common-tools.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be installed
---> Package samba-libs.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libpytalloc-util.so.2(PYTALLOC_UTIL_2.1.6)(64bit) for package: samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpytalloc-util.so.2(PYTALLOC_UTIL_2.0.6)(64bit) for package: samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpytalloc-util.so.2()(64bit) for package: samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package foomatic-db-filesystem.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be installed
---> Package foomatic-db-ppds.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be installed
---> Package libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.4-11.el7_0 will be installed
---> Package pytalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.6-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing for group install "Core":
iprutils x86_64 2.4.13.1-1.el7 base 243 k
Installing for group install "File and Storage Server":
samba x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 base 610 k
targetd noarch 0.7.1-1.el7 base 49 k
Installing for group install "Print Server":
foomatic x86_64 4.0.9-8.el7 base 253 k
foomatic-filters x86_64 4.0.9-8.el7 base 98 k
Installing for dependencies:
PyYAML x86_64 3.10-11.el7 base 153 k
foomatic-db noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 base 1.0 M
foomatic-db-filesystem noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 base 9.1 k
foomatic-db-ppds noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 base 29 M
libyaml x86_64 0.1.4-11.el7_0 base 55 k
lsscsi x86_64 0.27-4.el7 base 47 k
lvm2-python-libs x86_64 7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5 base 174 k
pytalloc x86_64 2.1.6-1.el7 base 15 k
python-setproctitle x86_64 1.1.6-5.el7 base 15 k
samba-common-tools x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 base 451 k
samba-libs x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 base 260 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 5 Packages (+11 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 32 M
Installed size: 48 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 9.8 MB/s | 32 MB 00:00:03
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : foomatic-db-filesystem-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 1/16
Installing : foomatic-db-ppds-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 2/16
Installing : foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 3/16
Installing : foomatic-filters-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 4/16
Installing : pytalloc-2.1.6-1.el7.x86_64 5/16
Installing : samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 6/16
Installing : samba-common-tools-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 7/16
Installing : 7:lvm2-python-libs-2.02.166-1.el7_3.5.x86_64 8/16
Installing : python-setproctitle-1.1.6-5.el7.x86_64 9/16
Installing : libyaml-0.1.4-11.el7_0.x86_64 10/16
Installing : PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64 11/16
Installing : lsscsi-0.27-4.el7.x86_64 12/16
Installing : iprutils-2.4.13.1-1.el7.x86_64 13/16
Installing : targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch 14/16
Installing : samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 15/16
Installing : foomatic-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 16/16
Verifying : lsscsi-0.27-4.el7.x86_64 1/16
Verifying : libyaml-0.1.4-11.el7_0.x86_64 2/16
Verifying : python-setproctitle-1.1.6-5.el7.x86_64 3/16
Verifying : foomatic-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 4/16
Verifying : samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 5/16
Verifying : foomatic-db-ppds-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 6/16
Verifying : 7:lvm2-python-libs-2.02.166-1.el7_3.5.x86_64 7/16
Verifying : iprutils-2.4.13.1-1.el7.x86_64 8/16
Verifying : pytalloc-2.1.6-1.el7.x86_64 9/16
Verifying : foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 10/16
Verifying : foomatic-db-filesystem-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch 11/16
Verifying : samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 12/16
Verifying : samba-common-tools-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 13/16
Verifying : targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch 14/16
Verifying : PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64 15/16
Verifying : foomatic-filters-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 16/16
Installed:
foomatic.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 foomatic-filters.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 iprutils.x86_64 0:2.4.13.1-1.el7
samba.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 targetd.noarch 0:0.7.1-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-11.el7 foomatic-db.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7
foomatic-db-filesystem.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 foomatic-db-ppds.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7
libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.4-11.el7_0 lsscsi.x86_64 0:0.27-4.el7
lvm2-python-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5 pytalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.6-1.el7
python-setproctitle.x86_64 0:1.1.6-5.el7 samba-common-tools.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3
samba-libs.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3
Complete!
yum history
[root@station14 ~]# yum history
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 14:54 | Install | 16
8 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 14:42 | Install | 2
7 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 09:53 | Install | 8
6 | root <root> | 2023-04-13 09:47 | Install | 44
5 | root <root> | 2023-04-12 17:14 | Install | 2
4 | root <root> | 2023-04-12 16:40 | Install | 4
3 | root <root> | 2023-04-10 15:29 | I, O | 5 ss
2 | System <unset> | 2023-04-10 15:08 | Install | 1 <
1 | System <unset> | 2023-04-08 05:23 | Install | 1362 >
history list
> history 자세하게 확인
[root@station14 ~]# yum history info 9
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Transaction ID : 9
Begin time : Fri Apr 14 14:54:52 2023
Begin rpmdb : 1430:8069e658c3e5ed87a4cb52acd618d16d7e43b51f
End time : 14:55:09 2023 (17 seconds)
End rpmdb : 1446:ebf5be8424b9ecd1d61bfc5bff2dc3e8e91fd9ad
User : root <root>
Return-Code : Success
Command Line : groupinstall File and Print Server
Transaction performed with:
Installed rpm-4.11.3-21.el7.x86_64 @anaconda
Installed yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch @anaconda
Installed yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch @anaconda
Packages Altered:
Dep-Install PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64 @base
Install foomatic-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-filesystem-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-ppds-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Install foomatic-filters-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 @base
Install iprutils-2.4.13.1-1.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install libyaml-0.1.4-11.el7_0.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install lsscsi-0.27-4.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install lvm2-python-libs-7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install pytalloc-2.1.6-1.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install python-setproctitle-1.1.6-5.el7.x86_64 @base
Install samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install samba-common-tools-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Install targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch @base
history info
> history undo 되돌리는 기능
[root@station14 ~]# yum history undo 9
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Undoing transaction 9, from Fri Apr 14 14:54:52 2023
Dep-Install PyYAML-3.10-11.el7.x86_64 @base
Install foomatic-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-filesystem-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Dep-Install foomatic-db-ppds-4.0-40.20130911.el7.noarch @base
Install foomatic-filters-4.0.9-8.el7.x86_64 @base
Install iprutils-2.4.13.1-1.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install libyaml-0.1.4-11.el7_0.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install lsscsi-0.27-4.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install lvm2-python-libs-7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install pytalloc-2.1.6-1.el7.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install python-setproctitle-1.1.6-5.el7.x86_64 @base
Install samba-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install samba-common-tools-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install samba-libs-4.4.4-14.el7_3.x86_64 @base
Install targetd-0.7.1-1.el7.noarch @base
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-11.el7 will be erased
---> Package foomatic.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 will be erased
---> Package foomatic-db.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be erased
---> Package foomatic-db-filesystem.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be erased
---> Package foomatic-db-ppds.noarch 0:4.0-40.20130911.el7 will be erased
---> Package foomatic-filters.x86_64 0:4.0.9-8.el7 will be erased
---> Package iprutils.x86_64 0:2.4.13.1-1.el7 will be erased
---> Package libyaml.x86_64 0:0.1.4-11.el7_0 will be erased
---> Package lsscsi.x86_64 0:0.27-4.el7 will be erased
---> Package lvm2-python-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5 will be erased
---> Package pytalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.6-1.el7 will be erased
---> Package python-setproctitle.x86_64 0:1.1.6-5.el7 will be erased
---> Package samba.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be erased
---> Package samba-common-tools.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be erased
---> Package samba-libs.x86_64 0:4.4.4-14.el7_3 will be erased
---> Package targetd.noarch 0:0.7.1-1.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================
Removing:
PyYAML x86_64 3.10-11.el7 @base 630 k
foomatic x86_64 4.0.9-8.el7 @base 633 k
foomatic-db noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 @base 7.1 M
foomatic-db-filesystem noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 @base 0.0
foomatic-db-ppds noarch 4.0-40.20130911.el7 @base 35 M
foomatic-filters x86_64 4.0.9-8.el7 @base 326 k
iprutils x86_64 2.4.13.1-1.el7 @base 925 k
libyaml x86_64 0.1.4-11.el7_0 @base 130 k
lsscsi x86_64 0.27-4.el7 @base 88 k
lvm2-python-libs x86_64 7:2.02.166-1.el7_3.5 @base 62 k
pytalloc x86_64 2.1.6-1.el7 @base 27 k
python-setproctitle x86_64 1.1.6-5.el7 @base 29 k
samba x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 @base 1.8 M
samba-common-tools x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 @base 1.1 M
samba-libs x86_64 4.4.4-14.el7_3 @base 709 k
targetd noarch 0.7.1-1.el7 @base 123 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================
Remove 16 Packages
Installed size: 48 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
..
yum remove
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -qa | grep httpd
httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64
httpd-tools-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64
[root@station14 ~]# yum remove httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================
Removing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 @base 9.4 M
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Installed size: 9.4 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Erasing : httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4
Complete!
[root@station14 ~]# yum history
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 15:01 | Erase | 1
9 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 14:54 | Install | 16
8 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 14:42 | Install | 2
7 | root <root> | 2023-04-14 09:53 | Install | 8
6 | root <root> | 2023-04-13 09:47 | Install | 44
5 | root <root> | 2023-04-12 17:14 | Install | 2
4 | root <root> | 2023-04-12 16:40 | Install | 4
3 | root <root> | 2023-04-10 15:29 | I, O | 5 ss
2 | System <unset> | 2023-04-10 15:08 | Install | 1 <
1 | System <unset> | 2023-04-08 05:23 | Install | 1362 >
history list
> ID 10 에 Erase !
yum .repo 파일
식별자
name
baseurl
enabled
gpgcheck : key 확인하려면 1로 설정 -> 확인하는 key의 위치도 지정해야 함.
[root@station14 ~]# cat -n /etc/yum
yum/ yum.conf yum.repos.d/
[root@station14 ~]# cat -n /etc/yum.conf
1 [main]
2 cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
3 keepcache=0
4 debuglevel=2
5 logfile=/var/log/yum.log
6 exactarch=1
7 obsoletes=1
8 gpgcheck=1
9 plugins=1
10 installonly_limit=5
11 bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
12 distroverpkg=centos-release
13
14
15 # This is the default, if you make this bigger yum won't see if the metadata
16 # is newer on the remote and so you'll "gain" the bandwidth of not having to
17 # download the new metadata and "pay" for it by yum not having correct
18 # information.
19 # It is esp. important, to have correct metadata, for distributions like
20 # Fedora which don't keep old packages around. If you don't like this checking
21 # interupting your command line usage, it's much better to have something
22 # manually check the metadata once an hour (yum-updatesd will do this).
23 # metadata_expire=90m
24
25 # PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo
26 # in /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@station14 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo.reallydisabled CentOS-Media.repo.reallydisabled mysql-community-debuginfo.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Sources.repo mysql-community.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Vault.repo mysql-community-source.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repo classroom.repo
[root@station14 ~]# cat -n /etc/yum.repos.d/classroom.repo
1 [base]
2 name=CentOS $releasever - $basearch - base
3 baseurl=file:///net/server1/export/netinstall/CENTOS7
4 enabled=1
5 gpgcheck=0
6
7 [classRPMs]
8 name=Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs
9 baseurl=file:///net/server1/export/courserepos/R7
10 enabled=1
11 gpgcheck=0
12
13 [errataRPMs]
14 name=CentOS $releasever - Server - $basearch - Errata
15 baseurl=file:///net/server1/export/courserepos/errata/R7
16 enabled=1
17 gpgcheck=0
[root@station14 ~]# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
--2023-04-14 15:13:52-- https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Resolving dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)... 38.145.60.24, 38.145.60.23, 38.145.60.22
Connecting to dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)|38.145.60.24|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 15608 (15K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’
100%[===============================================================>] 15,608 78.1KB/s in 0.2s
2023-04-14 15:13:53 (78.1 KB/s) - ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’ saved [15608/15608]
[root@station14 ~]# ll
total 35688
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 10 15:33 a.link -> /tmp/hp
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129760 Oct 15 2020 amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-------. 1 root root 2510 Apr 8 05:41 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Apr 10 14:15 color
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 12 09:34 Downloads
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15608 Sep 5 2021 epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14435384 Apr 12 17:19 errors.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 94 Apr 14 11:56 fri
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 617 Apr 10 14:20 fstab
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 49 Apr 8 05:48 Music
-rw-------. 1 root root 2038 Apr 8 05:41 original-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 12 17:19 output.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 13 10:51 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 44 Apr 10 16:06 projects
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Public
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 10 12:21 pwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4953734 Apr 11 15:54 sed-output.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14474943 Apr 12 17:20 stderrandstdout.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Templates
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2119 Apr 8 05:41 toppost.log
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Apr 10 14:00 Videos
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2497380 Apr 8 2020 zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
[root@station14 ~]# rpm -Uvh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:epel-release-7-14 ################################# [100%]
[root@station14 ~]# ll
total 35688
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 10 15:33 a.link -> /tmp/hp
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129760 Oct 15 2020 amanda-3.3.3-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-------. 1 root root 2510 Apr 8 05:41 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Apr 10 14:15 color
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Documents
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 12 09:34 Downloads
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15608 Sep 5 2021 epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14435384 Apr 12 17:19 errors.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 94 Apr 14 11:56 fri
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 617 Apr 10 14:20 fstab
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 49 Apr 8 05:48 Music
-rw-------. 1 root root 2038 Apr 8 05:41 original-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 12 17:19 output.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 13 10:51 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 44 Apr 10 16:06 projects
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Public
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 10 12:21 pwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4953734 Apr 11 15:54 sed-output.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14474943 Apr 12 17:20 stderrandstdout.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 8 05:47 Templates
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2119 Apr 8 05:41 toppost.log
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Apr 10 14:00 Videos
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2497380 Apr 8 2020 zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm
[root@station14 ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 52
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-Base.repo.reallydisabled
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-Media.repo.reallydisabled
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2893 Apr 8 05:41 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 392 Jan 6 2017 classroom.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1358 Sep 5 2021 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1457 Sep 5 2021 epel-testing.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1147 Aug 27 2022 mysql-community-debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2062 Aug 27 2022 mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2132 Aug 27 2022 mysql-community-source.repo
[root@station14 ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: base classRPMs epel errataRPMs mysql-connectors-community mysql-tools-community
: mysql80-community
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@station14 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
classRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/metalink | 7.2 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
errataRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/10): base/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00
(2/10): classRPMs/primary_db | 143 kB 00:00:00
(3/10): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 99 kB 00:00:00
(4/10): base/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(5/10): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 96 kB 00:00:00
(6/10): errataRPMs/primary_db | 689 kB 00:00:00
(7/10): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 231 kB 00:00:00
(8/10): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 91 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/primary_db FAILED
http://mirror.earthlink.iq/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/cc73c13317f503a7ec301dfb6f1b951c7167913481da87606cf971640fb08409-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below knowledge base article
https://access.redhat.com/articles/1320623
If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please create a bug on https://bugs.centos.org/
(9/10): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:01
(10/10): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:03
Determining fastest mirrors
* epel: mirror-jp.misakamikoto.network
repo id repo name status
base CentOS 7 - x86_64 - base 3,831
classRPMs Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs 196
*epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,771
errataRPMs CentOS 7 - Server - x86_64 - Errata 291
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 213
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 96
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 386
repolist: 18,784
[root@station14 ~]# yum search dbench
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirror-jp.misakamikoto.network
============================================ N/S matched: dbench =============================================
dbench.x86_64 : Filesystem load benchmarking tool
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@station14 ~]# yum install dbench
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirror-jp.misakamikoto.network
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dbench.x86_64 0:4.0-10.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================
Installing:
dbench x86_64 4.0-10.el7 epel 1.0 M
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 1.0 M
Installed size: 25 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: d
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/dbench-4.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm.12557.tmp: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Public key for dbench-4.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm.12557.tmp is not installed
dbench-4.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@station14 ~]# ll /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7
total 12
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 246 Apr 14 15:15 base
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 96 Apr 14 15:15 classRPMs
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Apr 14 15:15 epel
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 96 Apr 14 15:15 errataRPMs
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 137 Apr 14 15:15 mysql80-community
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 137 Apr 14 15:15 mysql-connectors-community
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 137 Apr 14 15:15 mysql-tools-community
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 232 Apr 14 15:17 timedhosts
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 574 Apr 14 15:15 timedhosts.txt
[root@station14 ~]# ll /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel
total 8384
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 101292 Apr 13 09:51 97d2e9722dd5c0662a5c885a746a127e951f8860139076802e27d35eadb4aa45-comps-Everything.x86_64.xml.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1088510 Apr 13 10:14 ca4819ec6c4463c637a88157e4c8c620f8c207d8922fdaf8762e21292da00302-updateinfo.xml.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 14 15:15 cachecookie
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7360792 Apr 13 09:51 cc73c13317f503a7ec301dfb6f1b951c7167913481da87606cf971640fb08409-primary.sqlite.bz2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 48 Apr 14 15:17 gen
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7328 Apr 14 15:15 metalink.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 42 Apr 14 15:17 packages
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4850 Apr 13 10:14 repomd.xml
[root@station14 ~]# cd /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/
[root@station14 packages]# ll
total 1016
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1036820 Aug 21 2014 dbench-4.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@station14 packages]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: base classRPMs epel errataRPMs mysql-connectors-community mysql-tools-community
: mysql80-community
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@station14 packages]# ll /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/
total 0
[root@station14 packages]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
classRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/metalink | 7.2 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
errataRPMs | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/10): base/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00
(2/10): base/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/10): classRPMs/primary_db | 143 kB 00:00:00
(4/10): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 99 kB 00:00:00
(5/10): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(6/10): errataRPMs/primary_db | 689 kB 00:00:00
(7/10): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 96 kB 00:00:00
(8/10): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 91 kB 00:00:00
(9/10): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:01
(10/10): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 231 kB 00:00:05
Determining fastest mirrors
* epel: mirror-jp.misakamikoto.network
repo id repo name status
base CentOS 7 - x86_64 - base 3,831
classRPMs Custom Guru Labs Classroom RPMs 196
*epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,771
errataRPMs CentOS 7 - Server - x86_64 - Errata 291
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 213
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 96
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 386
repolist: 18,784
[root@station14 packages]# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirror-jp.misakamikoto.network
Installed Environment Groups:
File and Print Server
Available Environment Groups:
Minimal Install
Compute Node
Infrastructure Server
Cinnamon Desktop
MATE Desktop
Basic Web Server
Virtualization Host
Server with GUI
GNOME Desktop
KDE Plasma Workspaces
Development and Creative Workstation
Available Groups:
Cinnamon
Compatibility Libraries
Console Internet Tools
Development Tools
Educational Software
Electronic Lab
Fedora Packager
General Purpose Desktop
Graphical Administration Tools
Haskell
LXQt Desktop
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
MATE
Milkymist
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Administration Tools
System Management
TurboGears application framework
Xfce
Done
study log