What is Virtual Machine(VM)?
Virtual Machine is a compute resource that uses software instead of physical computer to run programs and deploy apps (ex- Parallels Desktop for Mac, VirtualBox, Xen)
Three Major Types of Virtualization
1. Host Virtualization
a type of virtualization which the guest-OS is operated on top of the host-OS (ex- VM Workstation, VMware Server, VMware Player)
Pros and Cons
Pros
Since it is emulating a virtual hardware there is not much restriction on the host-OS
Cons
The method of guest-OS operating on top of the host-OS may create a large overhead
2. Hypervisor Virtualization
a type of virtualization in which installing the hypervisor on hardware instead on the host-OS (ex- Xen, MS Hyper-V, Citrix)
Pros and Cons
Pros
Less overhead is generated as there is no additional host-OS installed, and may efficiently utilize the resource as it directly controls the hardware
Cons
Additional equipment / console maybe needed to manage the VM as there is no additional program to control its function
3. Container Virtualization
virtual runtime environment that runs on top of a host-OS - container is composed of libraries for the operation of the application
Pro of Container Virtualization
Pro
Container Virtualization runs faster than other environment as it generates lesser overhead
More About Hypervisor
Hypervisor - also known as a virtual monitor or VMM, is a software that creates and runs virtual machine
By implementing hypervisor, user is able to operate multiple guest Virtual Machines by virtually sharing its resources (i.e- memory / processors) on computer.
1. Why Use Hypervisor?
hypervisor enables to efficiently utilize the system's available resources and provide greater mobility as Virtual Machines are operated independent of the host-hardware
Since multiple virtual machines can operate on and off of one physical computer / server, hypervisor reduces the space, energy, & maintenance requirements for the user.
2. Types of Hypervisor
<wikipedia>Type 1 (native / bare metal hypervisors)
run directly on the host's hardware to control the hardware and to manage guest operating systems
Type 2 (hosted hypervisors)
run on a conventional operating system (i.e - Windows, Mac). A guest-OS runs as a process on the host
Useful Links
https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/hypervisor
https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/virtual-machine
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