• Memory only stores bits that don’t have inherited meaning.
• It is a responsibility of programmers to interpret the bits (usually by type)

Little Endian

Most general-purpose computers use little-endian format, where the most significant byte (MSB) is stored at the lower memory address.

int a = 0x12345678;

String Literal

• String is implemented as an array of characters
• String literal such as *char** is a pointer to an array of characters within read-only memory