Crash Course Computer Science

A simple preview on the series.The couse will cover no programming or computer science but does in broader terms, like history, OS systems, smartphone

Abacus(주판) was the earliest computing device. 2500bc.Astrolabe enabled ships to calculate their latitude(horizontal line) at sea.SlideruleClocks"At ea

Start of 20th century(1900s).Special purpose computing machines like tabulating machines were a huge boon(요긴한 것) to government and businesses, aiding

Information can be represented just with two states of electricity - we call this representaion "Binary", means "of two states"on - electricity flowin

How to represent things beyond just two values(true, false)?263 represents:Add these together to make 263.Each multiplier is 10 times larger than the

Mathmatical brain of a computer.Intel 74181 - the most famous ALU, 1970.the first complete ALU that fit entirely inside of a single chip. An ALU has t

To store a value and run several operations in a row, we use computer memory.We can create circuits that loop back on themselves.To permanently output

CPU's job is to execute programs.Programs are made up of a series of individual operations, called instructions, b/c they instruct computer what to do

CPU is programmable. CPU is a hardware which is controlled by easy-to-modify software.Other instructions - JUMP_IF_EQUAL, JUMP_IF_GREATER, ...Software

In the early days of computing, processors were made faster by improving the switching time of the transistors insde the chip.It faced limitations, so

The need to program machines existed before the deveopment of computers.Making patterned fabrics were very labor-intensive, thus expensive.Joseph Jacq

Software - a "softer" medium. Vocabulary cumbersome - 크고 무거운, (시스템, 프로세스가) 복잡하고 비효율적인 infelxible - antonym of flexible. versatile - 다재다능한, (기계 등이) 다용

Syntax : set of rules that govern the structure and composition of the statements in a language.Assignment statementInitialize valueControl flow state

The term algorithm comes rom Persian polymath Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (780 ~ 850), one of the fathers of algebra. The relationship of input siz

How data is stored in the memory.Sturcture data to make it organized, allowing data to be easily retrieved and read.Array is delcared as sequencial sp

Entscheidungsproblem (Decision problem)"Is there an algorithm that takes, as input, a statement written in formal logic, and produces a "yes" or "no"

A discipline of developing software, which includes set of tools and practices for programmers.Coined by Margaret Hamilton, who helped NASA prevent se

From roughly the 1940's through the mid-1960's, every computer was built from individual parts, called discrete compunents, which were all wired toget

Computers in the 1940s and early 50s ran one program at a time.A programmer would write one at their desk, for example, on punch cards.Then carry it t

In general, computer memory is non-permanent. It is called volatile memory.Storage is different from memory.Any data written to storage does not chang

Files are just a huge list of numbers, stored as binary.Interpret data with each coordinating ASCII.First 44 bytes of WAV file:Before we can correctly

One way to compress data is to reduce repeated or redundant information. Count the repeating blocks of data.Dictionary that stores the mapping from co

History of inputs & outputs between human and computer Computer input of early era was designed to be simple and robust for computers. Also, machine

Earliest display method: Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT)Vector scanningRaster scanningLiquid Crystal Displays (LCD)letters

The Cold War begun and with it, massive government spending on science and engineering.lavish - 호화로운, (돈을)아끼지 않다.spur - 자극제가 되다recoup - 되찾다 (=recover)

1970's - Cost of computers(required components) fell to the extent that individuals could afford.Most influential in this transition was the advent of

Forefather of modern GUIoN-Line System(NLS)1964 - created the very first computer mouse1968 demonstration on modern features of modern computing (bitm

3D objects have coordinates X, Y and Z.3D projection - Process of flattening objects into 2D planeWireframe rendering - Connecting the dotsOrthographi

The first computer network - 1950s ~ 60sGenerally used within an organization, like a compnay or research lab, to faciliate the exchange of informatio

Our computer is connected to a large, distributed network called the Internet.LAN: Local Area Network, wifi router at home -> WAN: Wide Area Network,

The World Wide Web runs on top of the Internet. They not the same thing, although people often use the two terms interchangeably. Before hyperlinks w

Cybersecurity is a set of techniques to protect secrecy, integrity, and availability of computer systems and data against threats.Secrecy, or confiden

White Hats - Good guys, Black Hats - Bad guysHacktivist - who use their skills to promote a social or political goalSocial Engineering - where a perso

Defense in Depth - strategy of using many layers of varying security mechanisms to frustrate attackers.Cryptography - "Secret writing"Cipher - an algo

Algorithms that give computers the ability to learn from data, and then make predictions and decisions.Classification - Classfier (algorithm)Features

Goal of computer vision is to give computers the ability to extract high-level understanding from digital images and video.Color marker tracking and s

NLP - Natural Language ProcessingEarly and fundamental NLP problem was deconstructing sentences into bite-sized pieces, which could be more easily pro

Robots: Machines capable of carrying out series of actions automatically, guided by computer control.Automaton: Non-electrical, non-electronic machine

When good system designers are creating software, they employ social, cognitive, behavioral, and perceptual psychology principles.Usability: The degre

MOOC - Massive Open Online CoursesComputer algorithms that grade the writing portions of the SATs have been found to be just as accurate as humans hir

Ubiquitous ComputingArtificial IntelligenceSingularity - 특이점. 인공지능이 비약적으로 발전해 인간의 지능을 뛰어넘는 기점을 말한다.Complexity Brake - As complexity increases, it beco